Loading and dull-lustring silk



Patented Feb. 16, 1932 UNITED STATES I RENE CLAVEL, OF BASEL, SWITZERLAND LOADING AND DULL-LUSTRING SILK No Drawing. Application filed April 18, 1928, Serial No. 271,101, and in Germany November 19, 1927.

This invention relates to a method for loading and dull-lustring textiles containing natural or artificial silk.

In the processes hitherto used for impart- ;6 ing a dull lustre to natural and artificial silk, the textile material, either in skeins or in the V finished piece, is'treated in a barium chloride bath shortly after dyeing, to which either sulphuric-acid or a soluble sulphate is grad- 10 ually added, or after which a bath of a dilute solution of sodium sulphate is used, whereby barium sulphate is precipitated on the fibres, excess being removed by washing. In the sizing process, the fabric is drawn through a 16 suspension of barium sulphate or other difiicultly soluble compounds of the alkaline earths. The method may also be adopted of impregnating the fabric with solutions of barium chloride or acetate and then submitting it to the action of gases in order to produce insoluble salts on the fibres.

None of these precipitates or impregnations adhere well to the fibres and can usually be removed simply by shaking or beating. In particular they show no resistance to thorough washing especially with hot or boiling soap baths.

These disadvantages are overcome by the invention according to which the metallic compounds usually used for loading silk such as stannic chloride, lead acetate or the like, are converted in and on the fibres into milky complex compounds which are practically insoluble and produce a dull lustre efiect- These chemical compounds are not simply mechanically deposited on or incorporated in the fibres, but are apparentlychemically combined therewith, or adsorbed thereon.

They adhere so firmly to the fibres in al cases as to resist removal by washing.

The new process may for example be put into operation by first introducing the silk, in hanks or in the finished fabric, into a metallic salt solution, such as stannic chloride, and after this treatment bringing it into contact with an alkali phosphate solution having an alkaline reaction such as di-sodium phos 'phate solution, without previous washing, acidification or neutralization. Precipitates are thereby formed in and on the fibres which load them and at the same time give them a dull lustre. In the usual process for loading silk, the silk isthoroughly washed or rinsed before being introduced into the phosphate bath. The operations may also be carried out in the reverse order, the silk being first passed through an alkali phosphate bath with an alkaline reaction e. g. di-sodium phosphate solution, and then treated with a solution of a metallic salt such as stannic chloride, lead acetate or the like. The amount of metallic salt required for the loading can be reduced by adding to the solution of metallic salt, compounds of the alkaline earth metals soluble therein, which, when coming into contact with the alkali phosphate solution, are also precipitated as phosphates which adhere firmly in and to the fibres producing a dull lustre. It is possible that complex compounds are formed between the metal, alkaline earth and phosphate. Instead of adding alkaline earth compounds to the metallic salt, the silk can also'be previously impregnated with solutions of these alkaline earth compounds. If a metallic salt bath is then used, and later an alkali phosphate bath with an alkaline reaction, a well loaded silk having a dull lustre is produced also by this means. The turbid precipitate formed from the metallic salt and the alkali-phosphate with alkaline reaction which destroys some or all the lustre of the silk and renders it dull and at the same time loads it and considerably increases the volume of the spun yarn or fabric, can also be produced by treating the silk sue-- cessively with solutions of metallic salts and solutions of alkaline earth phosphates preferably slight acidified. This method also produces a firmly adhering precipitate of milky complex compounds which impart a dull lustre to the silk and load.

Under certain circumstances, it may also be advisable to treat the silk before loading, with acids such as formic acid, monochloracetic acid, phosphoric acid and the like, or with acid salts, or to add such acids or acid salts to the metallic salt bath, if necessary in the presence of protective colloids. Care must then be taken however, not to make the acid treatment too intensive, as the desired dull lustre effect would not then be obtained. The degree of dullness can be graduated by re latmg this acid treatment.

he milky precipitate produced according to the invention in and on the fibres, shows such a resistance to boilin water, acids and alkalies, that fabrics (such as crepe-fabrics of silk or artificial silk) given a dull lustre with barium sul hate the fabrics loaded and finis ed goods of silk, artificial silk or mixed dull lustred by t is invention, are soft, dustless and give a full silk feel. A further advant of the new process is that owing to the elimination of washing, silk fabrics can easily be loaded and dull-lustred continuously on machines.

It is possible to use the dull-lustreing, loading rocess of this invention on dyed, and

fabrics. Silks which have originally been loaded with a lustre can also be subsequently subjected to dull lustre loading by the present process.

E wample 1 A silk fabric is treated with a solution of stannic chloride of specific gravity 15 B.

also containing if necessary some monochloracetic acid. It is then passed without washing into a weak acid 3% solution of monomagnesium phosphate or mono-calcium phosphate, wrung out, and the whole process is repeated several times until the desired degree of loading is obtained. The fabric thus dull- .lustred and loaded is then thoroughly washed, and dyed.

Example Dyed hanks of untwisted silk are dipped in a solution of stannic chloride of specific gravity 8 B. containing 100 grammes magnesium chloride and 100 grammes calcium chloride per litre. After a short time they are pressed out and passed through an 8% solution of di-sodium phosphate, washed and dried.

Example 3 A silk fabric is slowly passed first through a solution containin 10% magnesium chloride and 10% calcium chloride and 'then through an 8% B. solution of stannic chloride, and further treated as in Example 2.

Example 4 A viscose fabric is placed in a cold 12% lead acetate solution, removed after five minutes and treated with a 2% solution of disodium phosphate at 30 C. The fabric is turned over several times and then washed and dried.

Example 5 trated acetic per litre. It is dried, thoroughdyed.

E wample 6' A lightly charged, dyed silk net is stirred round several times in a 2% di-sodium hosphate solution. The fabric is squeeze out, and passed into a 2% stannic chloride soluly' washed, and

tion, containing 50 grammes sodium chloride per litre. The fabric is stirred round several times and then thoroughly washed out in runningwater. I

' Eayample 7 A silk fabric is treated with a 15 B. solution of stannic chloride and passed without washing, into a. 3% solution of di-sodium phosphate, wrung out and the whole process is repeated several times until the desired dull lustre and loading are obtained. The fabric thus dull lustred and loaded is thoroughly washed, and dyed. I

By the term successively appearing in the claims in connection with the loading of silk with different solutions, it is intended that the treatment is not limited to the successionas set forth therein but other successions can also be utilized.

I claim:

1. A method for. loading and dull-lustring natural andartificial silk in any form which consists in precipitating upon and within the fibers white, milky and dull heavy metal compounds insoluble in water.

2. A method for loading and dull-lustrin natural and artificial silk in any form whic consists in treating the silk to be loaded successively with aqueous solutions of alkaline reacting dphosphates of an alkali-forming metal an heavy metal compounds forming white compounds insoluble in water with the phosp te used.

3. A method for loading and dull-lustrin natural and artificial silk in any form whic consists in treating the silk to be loaded successively with aqueous solutions of alkaline reacting alkali-metal phosphate and heavy metal compounds formin white compounds insoluble in water with t e phosphate used.

4. A method for loading and dull-lustring natural and artificial silk in any form which consists in treating the silk to be loaded suc-.

reacting alkali-metal phosphate and heavy cessively with aqueous solutions of alkaline metal compounds forming white compounds insoluble in water withthe phosphate used, pressing the silk treated with one solution before treating it with the second solution.

5. A method for loading and dull-lustring natural and artificial silk in any form which consists in treating the silk to be loaded successively with aqueous solutions of alkaline reacting alkali-metal phosphate and tin tetrachloride.

6. A method for loading and dull-lustring natural and artificial silk in any form which consists in treating the silk to be loaded successively with aqueous solutions of alkaline J5 reacting di-alkali-metal phosphate and tin tetrachloride.

7. A method for loading and dull-lustring natural and artificial silk in any form which consists in treating the silk to be loaded successively with aqueous solutions of alkaline reacting di-sodium phosphate and tin tetrachloride.

8. A method for loading and dull-lustring natural and artificial silk in any form which consists in treating the silk to be loaded successively with aqueous solutions of alkaline reacting di-sodium phosphate and tin tetrachloride, pressing the silk between the two consecutive steps.

9. A method for loading and dull-lustring natural and artificial silk in any form which consists in treating the silk to be loaded successively with aqueous solutions of alkaline reacting di-sodium phosphate and a mixture of tin tetrachloride and a water soluble earth alkali-metal compound.

10. A method for loading and dull-lustring natural and artificial silk in any form which consists in treating the silk with an aqueous solution of an earth-alkali-metal compound, treating the silk coming from the earth-alkali-metal compound bath with an aqueus solution of tin tetrachloride and finally with an aqueous solution of di-sodiuln phosphate.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

RENE CLAVEL. 

